a) Perform calculations and logical operations
b) Manage memory allocation
c) Control input and output devices
d) Store data temporarily
The ALU is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations, such as addition, subtraction, AND, OR, etc. It is a critical component of the CPU (Central Processing Unit).
a) For loop
b) While loop
c) Do-While loop
d) Repeat-Until loop
While “Repeat-Until” loops are present in some programming languages, they are not universally supported or considered a basic loop type. “For loop,” “While loop,” and “Do-While loop” are the standard types in most programming languages.
a) Queue
b) Stack
c) Array
d) Linked List
A stack follows the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle. This means that the last element added to the stack is the first one to be removed. In contrast, a queue follows the FIFO (First In First Out) order.
a) To manage hardware resources
b) To execute programs
c) To provide security
d) All of the above
An operating system (OS) is responsible for managing hardware resources, executing programs, and providing security mechanisms. It acts as an intermediary between the hardware and the software and ensures that resources are allocated efficiently.
a) Bubble Sort
b) Merge Sort
c) Quick Sort
d) Selection Sort
Merge Sort has a time complexity of O(n log n) in the best, average, and worst cases. This makes it more efficient than Bubble Sort (O(n^2)), Selection Sort (O(n^2)), and Quick Sort, which has an
a) Integer
b) Float
c) Boolean
d) Character Array
In programming, common valid data types are Integer, Float, and Boolean. A “Character Array” is not typically recognized as a fundamental data type. It might be used in specific programming languages (such as C or C++), but it is not one of the fundamental types like Integer or Boolean.
A) Vectors have only magnitude.
B) Scalars have both magnitude and direction.
C) Vectors have both magnitude and direction.
D) Scalars have no magnitude.
A scalar is a quantity that has only magnitude (e.g., temperature, mass). A vector, on the other hand, has both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, force). Direction makes vectors different from scalars.
A) It is conserved.
B) It is lost.
C) It is converted into potential energy.
D) It remains the same.
In a perfectly inelastic collision, two objects collide and stick together. While momentum is conserved, kinetic energy is not conserved. Some of the kinetic energy is converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or sound, during the collision.
A) Speed = Distance / Time
B) Speed = Time / Distance
C) Speed = Mass / Time
D) Speed = Distance × Time
Speed is defined as the distance traveled per unit of time. The formula for speed is:
Speed=DistanceTime\text{Speed} = \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Time}}Speed=TimeDistance This gives the rate at which an object moves over time.
A) Newton’s First Law
B) Kepler’s Laws
C) Coulomb’s Law
D) Ohm’s Law
Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion describe the motion of planets around the Sun. They include:
The Law of Periods: The square of the orbital period of a planet is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.
The Law of Orbits: Planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.
The Law of Areas: A line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.
A) 9.8 m/s²
B) 10 m/s²
C) 8.9 m/s²
D) 12 m/s²
The acceleration due to gravity (g) on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s². This means that an object falling freely near the Earth’s surface accelerates at a rate of 9.8 meters per second squared, assuming no air resistance.
A) Meter
B) Kilometer
C) Centimeter
D) Foot
The meter (m) is the basic unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). It is used worldwide as a standard measurement for length. Other units like kilometers (km), centimeters (cm), and feet (ft) are derived from the meter.
A) Velocity
B) Force
C) Temperature
D) Acceleration
A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction, whereas a scalar quantity has only magnitude. Examples of vector quantities include velocity, force, and acceleration. Temperature, however, is a scalar quantity as it only has magnitude (i.e., a value like 30°C) and no direction.
A) Kilogram
B) Gram
C) Pound
D) Ounce
The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). It is one of the seven base units in the International System of Units (SI). The kilogram is the standard unit used in scientific measurement and is defined based on the Planck constant.
A) Muhammad (PBUH)
B) Moses (Musa)
C) Jesus (Isa)
D) All of the above
Islam recognizes many prophets, including Muhammad (PBUH), Moses (Musa), and Jesus (Isa). They are all respected figures who delivered Allah’s message to humanity.